MSAD #55
Mathematics
Benchmarks/Performance
Indicators
Math
Skills
Kindergarten
06-14-05
A. Students will understand and demonstrate a sense of what numbers mean and how they are used. Students will be able to:
1. Demonstrate
an understanding of what numbers mean (e.g., that the number 7 stands for a
group of objects.)
q
a. count objects from 1-20 in a left to
right, organized manner
q
b. recognize numeral 0-20 and connect them
to quantities they represent.
q
c. demonstrate one to one correspondence
when counting a group of (1-12) objects.
q
d. recognize, name, and print numerals
(1-12).
2.
Understand
the many uses of number (e.g., prices, recipes, measurements, directions in
play).
q
a. discuss what, when, and why people use
numbers.
3. Order,
compare, read, group, and apply place value concepts to numbers up to 1,000.
q
a. order numerals 0-12.
q
b. compare numerals 0-10.
q
c. practice counting by 10s to 100, by 2s
to 12, and by 5s to 30.
4. Determine
reasonableness of results when working with quantities
B. Students will understand and demonstrate computation skills. Students will be able to:
1. Use
and apply estimation with quantities, measurements, computations, and problem-solving.
q
a. participate in group estimating
activities.
q
b. estimate objects using nonstandard
units of measurement.
2. Use
multiple strategies in solving problems involving addition and subtraction of
whole numbers.
q
a. use different manipulatives when
solving addition and subtraction problems from 0-10.
3. Show
understanding of addition and subtraction by using a variety of materials,
strategies, and symbols.
q
a. participate in group activities of how
many in all, how many are left, and same as.
C. Students will understand and apply concepts of data analysis. Students will be able to:
1.
Formulate
and solve problems by collecting, arranging, and interpreting data.
q
a. participate in-group activities using
various graphs.
q
b. participate in group graph and make
observations.
2. Make
tallies and graphs of information gathered from immediate surroundings.
q
a. participate in group data analysis using
ÒTodayÕs QuestionÓ.
D. Students will understand and apply concepts of probability. Students will be able to:
1.
Use
concepts of chance and record outcomes of simple events.
q
a. identify the possible outcomes.
q
b. predict a logical outcome.
E. Students will understand and apply concepts from geometry.
1. Describe,
model, and classify 2D shapes and selected 3D figures.
q
a. identify and name: circle, rectangle,
square, triangle (i.e., "Show me the square when teacher points to an
abject and asks, what is this?)
q
b. participate drawing each of the four
above shapes.
q
c.
recognize shapes in the
environment.
2. Investigate
and predict the results of combining, dividing, and changing 2D shapes.
q
a. recognize: triangles, squares, and
rectangles when they are turned or rotated.
3. Use
positional words to describe the relationship of two or more objects (e.g.,
over, under, beside, to the left, etc.)
q
a. practice using the words top, bottom,
over, under, in, out, beside, up, down, above, below, close to, far away,
around to describe the relationship of two or more objects.
F. Students will understand and demonstrate measurement skills. Students will be able to:
1. Estimate
and measure length, time, temperature, weight, and capacity.
q
a. predict when comparing two objects:
which weighs more or less.
q
b. use balance scale.
q
c. estimate and measure using
manipulatives.
q
d. decipher between hot, warm, cool, cold.
q
e. decipher between morning, afternoon,
night,
2. Identify
and give the value of different coins.
q
a. identify and know the value of a penny.
q
b. add pennies up to 10.
3. Select
standard and non-standard tools for determining length, time, temperature,
weight, and capacity, and use them to solve every day problems.
q
a. identify and match the standardized
tool for time (clock), temperature (thermometer), length (ruler) and weight
(scale).
G. Students will understand that mathematics is the science of pattern, relationships, and functions, Students will be able to:
1. Recognize,
describe, extend, copy, and create a wide variety of patterns.
q
a. identify, construct, extend, and record
an a, b pattern.
q
b. identify construct and a,b,c pattern.
q
c. identify, construct, and extend
patterns using size, shape, or color as attributes. (one attribute at a time)
(example: make a check list as a
group.)
2. Explore
the use of variables and open sentences to describe relationships.
3. Represent
and describe both geometric and numeric relationships.
H. Students will understand and apply algebraic concepts. Students will be able to:
1. Make
drawings for problem situations and mathematical expressions in which there is
an unknown, using a variety of tools and approaches.
2. Use
language and symbols to express numerical and other relationships.
I. Students will understand and apply concepts in discrete mathematics. Students will be able to:
1.
Classify
sets of objects into two or more groups using their attributes.
q
a. sort according to color, size, or shape.
2. Create
and use an organized list to determine possible outcomes or solve problems.
J. The student will understand and apply concepts of mathematical reasoning. The student will be able to:
1. Describe
a simple argumentÕs strengths and weaknesses.
2. Distinguish
between ÒimportantÓ and ÒunimportantÓ mathematical information.
K. Students will reflect upon and clarify their understanding of mathematical ideas and relationships.
1. Use
numerals and symbols (>,<,=,+,-) to report numerical data and
relationships.
q
a. count the data and represent it with a
numeral.